91 Research measures it instead — from ADS-B position data and public FAA sources. The questions are the ones pilots already argue about and nobody has counted.
Publications
None yet. The first pieces are in external review — findings are not published here until someone outside the project has read the method. What that method is, and what it cannot support, is set out below.
What binds every piece
Constraints decided before the question, not after the result.
Where a limit weakens a finding, the finding is published with the limit attached.
Coverage is stated, never assumed
Receiver coverage varies enormously by field — at one airport half the position reports are recorded on the ground, at another almost none are. Every airport-level figure is published with its coverage rate beside it.
Equipage skews the sample
14 CFR 91.225 requires ADS-B Out only in rule airspace, so samples at non-towered fields lean toward equipped aircraft. Equipage rates are published alongside the finding rather than left for the reader to infer.
Altitude is corrected before any claim
Pressure altitude is corrected for QNH and temperature before anything is said about height above ground. On one verification flight the uncorrected error was 243 feet.
Rankings, not counts
Relative comparisons publish. Absolute movement counts do not, until they can be calibrated against an independent federal source.
Never about a person
A club aircraft is flown by many pilots. Analysis identifies what an aircraft does; it never attributes behaviour to whoever was holding the yoke.
The same data and the same corrections sit behind the calculators we give away. Those need no account and never will.
The free tools